Mortgage stress test, this concept in the dynamic landscape of Canadian real estate, has become a pivotal factor for aspiring homeowners. This financial hurdle, introduced to safeguard borrowers and ensure the stability of the housing market, plays a crucial role in the mortgage approval process. In this article, we’ll delve into the intricacies of the mortgage stress test, exploring what it entails, how it impacts the qualification for a mortgage, and the exemptions that may apply.
Mortgage stress test - the basics
The Canadian government uses the test to evaluate whether borrowers can withstand financial shocks, such as interest rate increases or changes in their financial circumstances. Its primary goal is to ensure that borrowers can afford their mortgage payments not only at the current interest rates but also at higher rates that may arise in the future.
When undergoing the stress test, the qualifying rate is used instead of the actual mortgage rate. The qualifying rate is typically higher than the contracted rate, ensuring that borrowers can manage potential increases in interest rates.
Qualifying for a mortgage: the stress test impact
For individuals seeking a mortgage in Canada, understanding the stress test is paramount. Traditionally, lenders assessed a borrower’s eligibility based on their ability to make payments at the contracted mortgage rate. However, the stress test introduces an additional layer of scrutiny.
Prospective homebuyers must prove they can handle their mortgage payments at the higher qualifying rate, which is often the Bank of Canada’s five-year benchmark rate or the borrower’s contract rate plus 2%, whichever is higher. This can result in a reduction in the amount that a buyer can qualify for, potentially impacting their purchasing power.
For example, the Canda’s five-year benchmark rate is 5.25% and your contract rate (the actual rate of your mortgage is 3%, the formula is contract rate plus 2% vs 5.25%, whichever is higher. In this case you’ll need to qualify at 5.25%.
In another scenario, if the contract rate is 4.5%, you’ll need to qualify at 6.5% (4.5% plus 2%) which is higher than the benchmark rate at 5.25%.
Stress Test Exemptions: Who Qualifies?
While the stress test is a standard requirement for most mortgage applicants, there are certain exemptions that may apply:
Insured Mortgages (High-Ratio Mortgages) renewal/switch
Borrowers with a down payment of less than 20% of the property’s purchase price are required to obtain mortgage default insurance. Because the loan is insured, as long as the loan amount, the amortization, other terms and remain unchanged, the borrower will not have to go through the stress test again if he/ she switches the loan to another approved lender.
Mortgage Renewals
If you are renewing your mortgage with your existing lender, you do not need to undergo the stress test. However, if you decide to switch lenders during the renewal process, the stress test may be applied (except for insured mortgage – some conditions apply).
*** Mortgage renewal does not change any terms, conditions, or loan amount of the existing mortgage.***
Home Equity Lines of Credit (HELOCs)
Borrowers applying for a mortgage with a HELOC component may be subject to a separate stress test for the HELOC portion, depending on the lender’s policies. At most federally regulated institution such as big banks, you’ll need to pass the stress test. Local, provincially regulated may or may not require stress test for HELOC depending on their lending policies.
Tips for Navigating the Mortgage Stress Test
Financial Preparedness
Be proactive in managing your finances. Reduce high-interest debt, save for a larger down payment, and maintain a strong credit score. For tips on financial preparation, read this Seven Financial Preparation Tips For First Time Home Buyers for more details.
Understand Your Budget
Assess your financial situation realistically. Consider your income, existing debts, and potential future expenses to determine the mortgage amount you can comfortably handle under the stress test conditions.
Consult with a Mortgage Professional
Seek guidance from a mortgage broker. They can provide insights into the stress test requirements, help you understand your options, and assist in finding a mortgage product that aligns with your financial goals.
Conclusion
The mortgage stress test is a fundamental aspect of the Canadian mortgage landscape, designed to ensure the financial well-being of borrowers and the stability of the housing market. While it may present challenges, understanding the stress test, its implications, and potential exemptions is crucial for those navigating the path to homeownership. By approaching the process with knowledge and preparation, prospective buyers can confidently navigate the stress test and move closer to achieving their homeownership dreams in the Canadian real estate market.
Source: https://www.canada.ca/en/financial-consumer-agency/services/mortgages/home-equity-line-credit.html
Do you have a specific questions about how to get financing for your situation, book a call today to get a tailored, personalized mortgage advise so you can make the most informed decision.
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